The three major food groups are carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Not all of the three food groups are found in all foods and different people have different opinions about what proportion of each makes for a healthy diet.
Carbohydrates can be simple or complex. Examples of simple carbohydrates include sugars such as sucrose and glucose. These are relatively small molecules that are absorbed very easily from the digestive system. Complex carbohydrates include starches and longer chain molecules and are found in foods such as pasta and potatoes. Complex carbohydrates are absorbed more slowly, and give a slower release of sugar into the blood. Carbohydrates provide about 4.5 calories per gram.
Fats tend to be large molecules and there are different types, some better for you than others. Saturated fats are found in fatty meats, butters and cheeses and are best eaten very sparingly. Plant foods such as nuts, seeds and avocados are high in unsaturated fats and these are thought of as being generally more healthy. Fats provide about 9 calories per gram.
Proteins are important for growth and repair of body tissues and supply the body with amino acids. These need to be digested but also broken apart in the liver before they can be used. Proteins are found in meat, fish, pulses nuts and dairy products. Proteins supply 4.5 calories per gram.
There are actually 6 groups on the food guide pyramid: 1. Grains 2. Vegetables 3. Fruits 4. Fats 5. Meat, Poultry, Fish, Eggs, Legumes, Nuts, & Seeds 6. Calcium rich foods (dairy)
The first 3 food groups provide most of our carbohydrates(energy) in the form of sugars, starches and fiber, as well as most of our vitamins and minerals--ESPECIALLY if you eat fresh fruits and veggies. And Protein is not a carbohydrate! It is simply a protein.
The second 3 food groups provide most of our fats (some of which are actually necessary to good health). The Meat and dairy groups provide most of our protein and the dairy group provides most of our calcium.
The food groups are divided based on the nutritional properties they offer. Foods that animals eat can be classified based on the amount of nutrients and the type of nutrients they provide for subsistence and survival. It is highly recommended to eat portions of food from the different groups in order to live a healthy lifestyle. This will provide you with a complete set of nutrients for better health.
There are seven major classes of nutrients and they are
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The three include 1. Energy yielding like cereals, millets, roots and tubers, sugar and jaggery, fats and oils 2.Body building like Milk, dhals, nuts and oil seeds, egg, meat, fish, other non - vegetarian foods 3.Regulatory like vegetables - Green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, variety of fruits