Histones are the protein; specific structural proteins of chromosomes handle on it. The DNA molecules wrap 2 times around a Histone. This histone is an Octamer to make a Nucleosome. Then 6 nucleosomes are assembled to make a Solenoid. H1 histone, which is a class of histones, work in association with solenoid. Further these solenoids are coiled to make a Scaffold, leading to make a further coiling for the chromosomal matrix. In biology, histones act as spools around which DNA wraps. Overall this coiling of protein histone plays great role in gene regulation. Six major histone classes are known those are H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4 and H5. In gene combination there is also a great chances of interaction of histone with other protein, through the combination of nucleosome, during meiosis. Thus the chromosomes are assembled. The structural-compacted histones and DNA is called chromatin. In Eukaryotic cells DNA also is packed into a nucleoprotein structure and forming even more compact chromatin. The function of this compaction leads to spacing and adoption of the size of the DNA molecule within the dimensions of the nucleus. The compaction of genetic material as well as the regulation of genetic information is necessary in order to genetic recombination. This dynamic nature of chromatin due to protein histone plays an important role in recombination, transcription, replication, and repair.
